Radar: A Silent Eye In The Sky :: essays research papers fc

Radar: A Silent Eye in the Sky   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Today's society relies heavily on an invention taken for granted: radar. Just about everybody uses radar, whether they realize it or not. Tens of thousands of lives rely on the precision and speed of radar to guide their plane through the skies unscathed. Others just use it when they turn on the morning news to check the weather forecast.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  While radar seems to be an important part of our everyday lives, it has not been around for long. It was not put into effect until 1935, near World War II. The British and the Americans both worked on radar, but they did not work together to build a single system. They each developed their own systems at the same time. In 1935, the first radar systems are installed in Great Britain, called the Early Warning Detection system. In 1940, Great Britain and the United States install radar aboard fighter planes, giving them an advantage in plane-to-plane combat as well as air-to-ground attacks.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Radar works on a relatively simple theory. It's one that everybody has experienced in their lifetime. Radar works much like an echo. In an echo, a sound is sent out in all directions. When the sound waves find an object, such as a cliff face, they will bounce back to the source of the echo. If you count the number of seconds from when the sound was made to when the sound was heard, you can figure out the distance the sound had to travel. The formula is:   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  (S/2) X 1100 = D (Half of the total time times 1100 feet per second equals the distance from the origin to the reflection point)   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Of course, radar is a much more complicated system than just somebody shouting and listening for the echo. In fact, modern radar listens not only for an echo, but where the echo comes from, what direction the object is moving, its speed, and its distance. There are two types of modern radar: continuous wave radar, and pulse radar.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Pulse radar works like an echo. The transmitter sends out short bursts of radio waves. It then shuts off, and the receiver listens for the echoes. Echoes from pulse radar can tell the distance and direction of the object creating the echo. This is the most common form of radar, and it is the one that is used the most in airports around the world today.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Continuous wave radar works on a different theory, the Doppler Theory. The Doppler Theory works on the principle that when a radio wave of a set

Water Is Under Threat Of Being Exhausted Environmental Sciences Essay

Like most natural resources, drinkable H2O is under menace of being exhausted due to over-consumption. And like most natural resources, one time depleted, regeneration of the land H2O and surface H2O will take 100s of old ages. At the present rate of ingestion every chance needs to be utilized to conserve our beginnings of H2O and create statute law that will promote wise usage of H2O. Governmental bureaus and private endeavor should mobilise their resources to construct proper substructure for H2O preservation like edifice dikes, reaping rain H2O, etc. This paper is a survey of current and future tendencies with regard to H2O use, and will show a image of what the following twosome of decennaries might look like. Water Technology and Emerging Tendencies: 1. Governments of all states are coping with issues related to supplying safe imbibing H2O to its citizens. In position of the pressing demand extended research has been done and some new engineerings and procedures have emerged. Electrolyzing imbibing H2O is efficient in extinguishing water-borne sources. E-water is formed by go throughing an electrical current to a weak solution of salt and H2O, which turns super- acidic that kills the pathogens. Water is therefore sanitized for imbibing intents and does n't look, odor, or taste any different from tap H2O ( Zinzi 2010 ) . In the hereafter scenario this will be a major agencies of recycling used H2O to do it drinkable and suited for ingestion. 2. Another technological promotion that has come to visible radiation is the usage of aquaporins as biomimetic membranes to let transition of lone H2O molecules and nil else through it. No molecule that is larger or smaller than a H2O molecule can go through through the channel. This ensures that drosss are blocked from polluting the H2O. The lone disadvantage of commercializing biomimetic membrane is to do it strong and stable plenty to defy repeated fouling and cleansing procedures. In future this will turn out to be a pillar in recycling waste H2O and saline H2O to do them drinkable for human ingestion. Politicss, policy and statute law: 1. Harmonizing to the US Geological Survey, future H2O demands can non be accurately identified, but tendencies of increasing emphasis on H2O resources the universe over can be widely recognized. Even though the jobs can be recognized, they will non be resolved on their ain. For case, aquifers can non be recharged rapidly after they are over-pumped. Water allotment struggles have been observed in many parts, these jobs are compounded by increasing population and forseeable drouths. Governmental bureaus like the geological study or similar bureaus are in a place to help states in apprehension, predicting, and minimising the impact of these crises. 2. The job of H2O handiness becomes more serious and outstanding as the explosive growing of population is predicted globally ( For e.g.US Census Bureau undertakings the US population to increase about 50 % from 282 million in 2000 to 420 million in 2050 ) . The hydrological agenda of any part is mostly influenced by regional factors like clime, rainfall etc. Infrastructure including waste H2O aggregation, storage and distribution of H2O, agribusiness, electric power coevals ; building of roads and commercial edifices and clean imbibing H2O for residential countries, must be planned for the sustainability of H2O. The job of worsening surface H2O and land H2O resources are a cause for concern. Consumption: 1. Projecting the information for 2026, based on the current tendencies of the economic demand for commercial and residential H2O use, it can be estimated that the engineering affecting optical maser beams used as a big scale H2O purification procedure. This technique involves laser beams being pointed at a watercourse of imbibing H2O that can observe and take unsafe pathogens and sublimate H2O for imbibing intents. This engineering will be used to supervise H2O safety for both domestic and industrial usage ( Zinzi 2010 ) . Giant strides in the development of cost effectual ways of reaping rain H2O will be made to prolong agribusiness and gardening. 2. Industrial H2O is likely to be higher in developing states compared to developed states. However, the overall industrial H2O ingestion will diminish globally due to betterments in H2O preservation engineering and monitoring of demand and execution of Governmental ordinances. Demand for H2O used for irrigation will, similarly, addition in the development states and is projected to be the most intense in sub- Saharan Africa and the Latin American states followed by Western Asia. Water scarceness in these parts may be intense as existent demand is frequently higher than projected demand. As a consequence the planetary harvest output rate may worsen ( Rosegrant, Ximing & A ; Cline 2002 ) . Families and relationships: 1. In order to project the demand for municipal and domestic H2O for 2026 one needs to analyze and acknowledge, cipher the jutting demand and put precedences for all bing and possible H2O use. Projection of future demands for municipal H2O depends on the alteration in the economic construction of a part and the efficiency of implementing alternate H2O usage policies. Other factors that may lend to an accurate projection include household size, distribution of household units between unitary and joint households and per-capita H2O usage ( Willsie & A ; Ratt 1974 ) . Water will go more of a trade good and ingestion will depend on the purchasing capacity of single users. 2. Future H2O demands may be computed on the footing of figure of individual and multi-family units, addition in population and the gross per capita usage of H2O per part. Domestic H2O usage depends on the size of the family and the seasonal usage of H2O. Education and consciousness degrees with respect to minimising wastage of H2O are besides of import factors. In 2026, H2O rationing will depend on the economic position and size of belongings in urban countries. ( House-Peters, Pratt & A ; Chang 2010 ) . Sharing of H2O resources across international boundary lines will be in focal point as struggles may originate due to unequal allotment and general scarceness of H2O. Health and fittingness: 1. Human organic structure is made up of 75 % H2O ( Maxx 2009 ) and we need to imbibe H2O in order to remain alive. Water is necessary for the proper operation of variety meats like the encephalon, liver and kidneys. Without H2O our organic structures will acquire dehydrated and will be afflicted with serious unwellnesss. So in order to remain fit and healthy all living existences need to devour big measures of H2O. Water is considered to be the wonder drug by many. Due to scarceness of drinkable H2O, people will be given to happen replacements in the signifier of soft drinks, milk merchandises and caffeine. 2. At the present rate of ingestion, the demand for H2O will far transcend the supply of H2O which will take to a H2O pricing system in most states. Denationalization of H2O across the Earth will hold serious branchings every bit far as wellness and fittingness is concerned because poorer people will non be able to afford sufficient measures of imbibing H2O. This will take to dehydration related chronic diseases like allergic reactions, high blood pressure, diabetes, and unsusceptibility upsets. This will impact the wellness of the society as economically backward populations will non be able to afford medical specialties and governmental resources will be strained to supply wellness attention benefits. Work and leisure: 1. By 2026, people will be preoccupied with developing newer techniques in H2O direction ( Griffiths 2009 ) and H2O preservation. So this will supply employment to a big population and will include H2O recycling and transit. A batch of scientific work will be encouraged by authorities every bit good private establishments at national and international degrees. The handiness of H2O will ever stay as nature has its ain manner of recycling H2O, nevertheless, the rate of recycling H2O is lower than the rate at which H2O is being polluted and made unfit for ingestion. Building H2O canals, reservoirs and dikes will go a precedence with governmental bureaus and will supply chances for employment, particularly in developing states. 2. As developing states gain economic stableness and richness, demand for H2O for basic healthful demands will increase. More people will be able to afford comfortss like Jacuzzis, auto lavation, horticulture and swimming pools ( Griffiths 2009 ) . This will add to the H2O crisis in 2026. Depending on the richness degree, fewer people will be able to afford installations that we take for granted for illustration holding swimming pools at place and H2O Parkss, etc. Global heating will impact winter athleticss like skiing which will ensue in beaches and H2O athleticss around the sea going more popular as leisure activities. Biophysical environments: 1. Biophysical environment in relation to H2O trades with H2O ingestion by people, land and farm animal. The alterations in clime, peculiarly rainfall, have deductions for fresh fish resources as it has for agribusiness. Since the handiness of natural H2O is non uniformly distributed, transit of H2O to countries with high denseness of population will go common characteristic. Puting extended web of grapevines overland for H2O for human ingestion every bit good as for farm animal will affect considerable outgo. Water holes, pools and swamps will necessitate to be tapped to run into the demands of croping for cowss. Herding direction and land use will necessitate to be implemented ( deLeeuw 1993 ) . 2. Demographic alterations are anticipated in future depending on the ready handiness of H2O for domestic and livestock use. In parts where the cost of H2O transit can non be afforded, people will switch to countries closer to natural H2O beginnings. Heavy industries are most likely to be set up close to rivers and other natural H2O organic structures as this will minimise the cost of transporting H2O for industrial usage. Land use for agribusiness will Promising societal invention: New stuffs: De Leeuw, PN 1993, iThe survey country: Biophysical environmenti , FAO Corporate Document Repository viewed 13 September 2010 & lt ; hypertext transfer protocol: //www.fao.org/wairdocs/ILRI/x5552E/x5552e06.htm & gt ; Griffiths, J 2009, Water Facts and Trends, World Business Council for Sustainable Development, viewed 13 September 2010 & lt ; hypertext transfer protocol: //www.wbcsd.org/DocRoot/lD1tMGiLZ7NL9mBOL2aQ/WaterFactsAndTrends-Update.pdf & gt ; Haughn, S 2008, ‘Global Tendencies 2025: Water deficits threaten nutrient security, energy supply and geopolitical stableness ‘ , Circle of Blue, viewed 12 September 2010 & lt ; hypertext transfer protocol: //www.circleofblue.org/waternews/2008/world/africa/global-trends-2025-water-shortages-threaten-food-security-energy-supply-and-geopolitical-stability/ & gt ; House-Peters, L, Pratt, B and Chang, H 2010, iEffects of Urban Spatial Structure, Sociodemographics, and Climate on Residential Water Consumption in Hillsboro, Oregoni , JAWRA Journal of the American Water Resources Association, 46: 461i472, viewed 13 September 2010 hypertext transfer protocol: //onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1752-1688.2009.00415.x Kwok, SC, Lang, H & A ; O'Callaghan, P 2009, Water Technology Markets, Global Water Intelligence, viewed 12 September 2010, & lt ; hypertext transfer protocol: //www.globalwaterintel.com/client_media/uploaded/files/sample_water_tech_markets_aquaporins.pdf & gt ; Maxx, 2009, iWater- Natureis Wonder Drugi , How To Maximize Your Health And Fitness, viewed 12 September 2010 & lt ; hypertext transfer protocol: //health-and-fitness-buzz.blogspot.com/2009/05/water-natures-wonder-drug.html & gt ; Rosegrant, MW, Ximing, C & A ; Cline, SA 2002, Global Water Outlook to 2025, Colombo: International Water Management Institute, pp: 4-7, viewed 12 September 2010, Google Books. Willsie, RH & A ; Ratt, HL 1974, iWater Use Relationships and Projection Corresponding with Regional Growthi , Journal of the American Water Resources Association, 10: 360i371, viewed 13 September 2010 & lt ; hypertext transfer protocol: //onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1752-1688.1974.tb00575.x & gt ; Zinzi, F 2010, iTrends in Water Technology and Consumptioni , Ezine @ rticles, viewed 12 September 2010, & lt ; hypertext transfer protocol: //ezinearticles.com/ ? Trends-in-Water-Technology-and-Consumption & A ; id=4074865 & gt ;

How to Add Resource Files in Delphi Executables

Games and other types of applications which use multimedia files like sounds and animations must either distribute the extra multimedia files along with the application or embed the files within the executable. Rather than distribute separate files for your applications use, you can add the raw data to your application as a resource. You can then retrieve the data from your application when it is needed. This technique is generally more desirable because it can keep others from manipulating those add-in files. This article will show you how to embed (and use) sound files, video clips, animations and more generally any kind of binary files in a Delphi executable. For the most general purpose, youll see how to put an MP3 file inside a Delphi exe. Resource Files (.RES) In the Resource Files Made Easy article you were presented with several examples of the use of bitmaps, icons, and cursors from resources. As stated in that article we can use the Image Editor to create and edit resources that consist of such types of files. Now, when we are interested in storing various types of (binary) files inside a Delphi executable well have to deal with resource script files (.rc), the Borland Resource Compiler tool and other. Including several binary files in your executable consists of 5 steps: Create and/or collect all the files you wish to put in an exe.Create a resource script file (.rc) that describes those resources used by your application,Compile the resource script file (.rc) file to create a resource file (.res),Link the compiled resource file into the application’s executable file,Use individual resource element. The first step should be simple, simply decide what types of files you would like to store in your executable. For example, we will store two .wav songs, one .ani animations and one .mp3 song. Before we move on, here are a few important statements concerning limitations when working with resources: Loading and unloading resources is not a time-consuming operation. Resources are part of the applications executable file and are loaded at the same time the application runs.All the (free) memory can be used when loading/unloading resources. In other words, there are no limits on the number of resources loaded at the same time.Of course, resource files do double the size of an executable. If you want smaller executables, consider placing resources and parts of your project in a dynamic link library (DLL) or its more specialized variation. Lets now see how to create a file that describes resources. Creating a Resource Script File (.RC) A resource script file is a just a simple text file with the extension .rc that lists resources. The script file is in this format: ResName1 ResTYPE1 ResFileName1ResName2 ResTYPE2 ResFileName2...ResNameX ResTYPEX ResFileNameX... RexName specifies either a unique name or an integer value (ID) that identifies the resource. ResType describes the type of resource and the ResFileName is the full path and file name to the individual resource file. To create a new resource script file, simply do the following: Create a new text file in your projects directory.Rename it to AboutDelphi.rc. In the AboutDelphi.rc file, have the following lines: Clock WAVE c:\mysounds\projects\clock.wavMailBeep WAVE c:\windows\media\newmail.wavCool AVI cool.aviIntro RCDATA introsong.mp3 The script file simply defines resources. Following the given format the AboutDelphi.rc script lists two .wav files, one .avi animation, and one .mp3 song. All statements in a .rc file associate an identifying name, type and file name for a given resource. There are about a dozen predefined resource types. These include icons, bitmaps, cursors, animations, songs, etc. The RCDATA defines generic data resources. RCDATA let you include a raw data resource for an application. Raw data resources permit the inclusion of binary data directly in the executable file. For example, the RCDATA statement above names the application’s binary resource Intro and specifies the file introsong.mp3, which contains the song for that MP3 file. Note: make sure you have all the resources you list in your .rc file available. If the files are inside your projects directory you dont have to include the full file name. In my .rc file .wav songs are located *somewhere* on the disk and both the animation and MP3 song are located in the projects directory. Creating a Resource File (.RES) To use the resources defined in the resource script file, we must compile it to a .res file with the Borlands Resource Compiler. The resource compiler creates a new file based on the contents of the resource script file. This file usually has an .res extension. The Delphi linker will later reformat the .res file into a resource object file and then link it to the executable file of an application. The Borlands Resource Compiler command line tool is located in the Delphi Bin directory. The name is BRCC32.exe. Simply go to the command prompt and type brcc32 then press Enter. Since the Delphi\Bin directory is in your Path the Brcc32 compiler is invoked and displays the usage help (since it was called with no parameters). To compile the AboutDelphi.rc file to a .res file execute this command at the command prompt (in the projects directory): BRCC32 AboutDelphi.RC By default, when compiling resources, BRCC32 names the compiled resource (.RES) file with the base name of the .RC file and places it in the same directory as the .RC file. You can name the resource file anything you want, as long as it has the extension .RES and the filename without the extension is not the same as any unit or project filename. This is important because, by default, each Delphi project that compiles into an application has a resource file with the same name as the project file, but with the extension .RES. Its best to save the file to the same directory as your project file. Including (Linking/Embedding) Resources to Executables After the .RES file is linked to the executable file, the application can load its resources at run time as needed. To actually use the resource, youll have to make a few Windows API calls. In order to follow the article, youll need a new Delphi project with a blank form (the default new project). Of course add the {$R AboutDelphi.RES} directive to the main forms unit. Its finally time to see how to use resources in a Delphi application. As mentioned above, in order to use resources stored inside an exe file we have to deal with API. However, several methods can be found in the Delphi help files that are resource enabled. For example, take a look at the LoadFromResourceName method of a TBitmap object. This method extracts the specified bitmap resource and assigns it TBitmap object. This is *exactly* what LoadBitmap API call does. As always Delphi has improved an API function call to suit your needs better. Now, add the TMediaPlayer component to a form (name: MediaPlayer1) and add a TButton (Button2). Let the OnClick event look like: One minor *problem* is that the application creates an MP3 song on a user machine. You could add a code that deletes that file before the application is terminated. Extracting *. Of course, every other type of a binary file can be stored as a RCDATA type. The TRsourceStream is designed specially to help us extract such file from an executable. The possibilities are endless: HTML in an exe, EXE in exe, empty database in an exe, and so and so forth.

Childhood Vaccination - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 4 Words: 1184 Downloads: 8 Date added: 2019/03/13 Category Sociology Essay Level High school Tags: Childhood Essay Did you like this example? Childhood Vaccinations Infectious diseases have ravaged the world since recorded history. In the year 400 B.C. Hippocrates described mumps diphtheria, epidemic jaundice, and other conditions (6), indicating that disease was a recognized problem dating back thousands of years. Infectious diseases are bodily disorders caused by microorganisms, such as: bacteria, viruses, fungi or parasites. All kinds of organisms are present on the human body, ranging from beneficial to harmful. Under specific conditions, these organisms are given the ability to become diseases. Some examples of these microorganisms are pneumonia, tuberculosis, diphtheria, influenza and human immunodeficiency virus infection. Three categories are used to describe the intensity of an infectious disease: outbreak, epidemic, and pandemic. An outbreak is when multiple cases of a disease occur in an unexpected, but isolated, area. An epidemic is declared when there is a significant rise in the occurrence of a disease in a given region, while a pandemic occurs when an epidemic spreads worldwide and infects a large part of the human population. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Childhood Vaccination" essay for you Create order Even in modern times, outbreaks of disease threaten our civilization. Malaria is still rampant in tropical climates, causing thousands of deaths annually. This disease still lacks a safe and reliable vaccine, however physical measures have been installed for protection. The outbreak of H1N1 in 2009 was unexpected and became the most recent pandemic. Now, H1N1 is covered by the seasonal flu vaccine. Due to a decline in vaccinations, the MMR (Measles Mumps Rubella) trio of diseases has had stronger outbreaks with more severe cases. As history shows, vaccinations are undeniably good for the masses. They control outbreaks and prevent death from controllable, infectious diseases. However, vaccinations and their implementation are controversial. There is a high cost of implementation of vaccines, especially since the government intervenes to try and make them affordable. There is also a strong belief that vaccines might have a detrimental effect on an individuals health, due to adverse reactions. Also, in some religions, vaccines are highly opposed. The delivery system of vaccines greatly affects the safe administration of the vaccine, through its manufacture and storage. Another controversial theory is that vaccines interfere with the natural order of things, causing viruses to evolve faster into more severe strains that vaccines with eventually be unable to prevent. A large portion of the costs of vaccines comes from the initial development. The governments intervention, specifically within the school systems, has also greatly affected the rates of elimination of common infectious diseases in the United States, diseases like: diphtheria, tetanus, poliomyelitis, smallpox, measles, mumps, rubella, influenza, and meningitis. With the requirement that students are immunized before attending school, a larger percentage of students are continuing to be up to date on their immunization records. The impact of vaccines on the individual is immense. There are many factors that contribute to successful vaccinations; therefore, there are many steps that could lead to an unsuccessful vaccination. The timing of the administration of the vaccine is important, is it more beneficial to inoculate early, or to inoculate a more mature immune system? Theres also controversy concerning the idea that giving too many vaccines at once hinders a persons immune system, while others say that giving them all at once gives the body more time to recover from all of them. The government has now required certain vaccinations be given to children before starting school, but is this violating a persons right to education and privacy? Do the benefits of children being vaccinated and preventing minor outbreaks at school outweigh the costs of losing rights? The delivery system of vaccines can impact the effectiveness and safety of vaccinations. The storage of vaccines, including location, temperature, and security, must be properly managed to ensure that the vaccine is able to prevent disease. Expiration dates cannot be exceeded for the same reason. Vaccines include preservatives that prolong shelf life. In the past, the common preservative was mercury or a related substance. Because mercury is believed to have adverse effects, it has been removed, but it is important that the preservatives are properly maintained to avoid causing problems for patients. Providers must handle the vaccines correctly to ensure that patients do not become ill because of improper sanitation. Training is essential to making sure that mistakes are prevented. Proper training will ensure that the provider recognizes patient conditions, like existing illnesses or known allergies, which could result in adverse reactions. One of the concerns that many parents have is that children are being inoculated against many diseases at such a young age. Parents fear that this aggressive timeline is too much for a young childs immune system to handle. Still others avoid vaccines because they believe that they will actually become sick with the disease they are being vaccinated against. This has been proven not to be true, but the concern continues. There are people who think that vaccinations should be stopped because they interfere with the natural order of life. Some proponents of that view believe that the deaths caused by the diseases are natures way of controlling the population or eliminating the weak members of society. Others fear that the diseases being controlled will mutate into diseases that are more deadly and/or unmanageable. Some religions believe that vaccinations conflict with Gods will, so they object to government requirements that children in school be vaccinated for certain diseases. It is interesting to note that there has been a rise in recent years regarding parents against vaccinations. It could almost be thought that history is somehow repeating itself; as there is increased security and safety, those who wish to be contrary rises. Even though there are many who have serious concerns about vaccinations, the vaccination programs in the United States and Europe have been so successful that they have inspired the 20th-century concept of disease eradication. This concept proposes that selected diseases could be eradicated from all human populations through global cooperation. The best example that supports this concept is that, in 1977, after a decade-long campaign involving 33 nations, smallpox was eradicated worldwide. Some parents also wonder, if the worst diseases have been eradicated, then why must their children receive vaccinations against them? Some are unable to see that diseases are still living organisms, which change and alter themselves over time. If there are many children that do not receive the smallpox vaccine, then that group is more susceptible to any disease that is derived of smallpox. Diseases are looking for ways to live too, which is why it is so shortsighted to believe that any kind of eradication would be a long-term solution. Conclusion Vaccinations are controversial, but they have been proven to save lives. Although individuals may have concerns about the safety, effectiveness, and/or appropriateness of vaccines and government vaccination programs, they continue to be developed and distributed worldwide. It would be highly beneficial, however, to begin providing parents with a more detailed explanation of what vaccines are, and what they do to protect children. Most distrust arises out of the fear of the unknown, so a very detailed immunization curriculum would likely aid in maintaining the percentage of youth and children being vaccinated.

The War For The Independence Of Israel - 1642 Words

The war for the independence of Israel was not a war as much as it was a hostile takeover of Palestine by any means necessary. Two infamous Jewish forces, the Irgun and the Haganah, often used terror tactics to achieve their goals and both focusing their energies on reprisals against Arabs and the British. Their tactics killed hundreds of innocent civilians in the name of a Jewish state and the Haganah even attacked their own people, framing the Palestinians, in order to generate support and sympathy for the their cause, but these acts appealed to some who â€Å"believed that any action taken in the cause of the creation of a Jewish state was justified.† There were unquestionably consequences to these actions as well as violent reactions to a Jewish state from other Middle Eastern states. When Israel finally declared independence, â€Å"the armies of Egypt, Syria, Lebanon, Transjordan, and Iraq invaded Israel† and began the first war between the Arabs and now Israelis. Although the Arab Legion lost the war against Israel, in part to the support Israel received from the United States, it set a precedent for Arab-Israeli relations which have been tense every since and there still has yet to be reconciliation between the Israelis and Palestinians, who continue to be oppressed and persecuted. Elias Chacour was struggling to understand the conflict as it increasingly tightened its grip on his life. His family and entire village was tricked into leaving their homes in Biram only to realizeShow MoreRelatedThe War For Independence From Israel3240 Words   |  13 PagesHamas, a democratically elected organization, has been waging a war for independence from Israel since its founding in 1987. This fighting has intensified steadily after its successful election in January 2006. Hamas is considered a terrorist organization, therefore Gaza, their ruling territory, has been nearly completely cut off from the most basic supplies. 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Now, however, the region can expansively be said to contain â€Å"the area from Libya E to Afghanistan, usually including Egypt, Sudan, Israel, Jordan, Lebanon, Syria, Turkey, Iraq, Iran, Saudi Arabia, and the other countries of the Arabian peninsula† (dictionary.com). This geographical definition can be said to contain both the ‘Near East’, ‘Middle East’, and even farther to the East andRead MoreThe Conflict Of The Arab Israeli Conflict1420 W ords   |  6 Pagesbeen devoted to the topic of Israel and the underlying causes of the Arab-Israeli conflict; all of which seek to discern the culprit and contrive a remedy. The story behind this age old conflict is, as quoted by Israeli historian Illan Pappe, â€Å"the simple but horrific story of the ethnic cleansing of Palestine† (qtd. In â€Å"The Catastrophe†). As such, thorough review of the causes behind this ethnocentric conflict is vital in understanding the tumultuous power struggle in Israel and the violent instability

Progression of friendship and its dramatic Essay Example For Students

Progression of friendship and its dramatic Essay A Study of the Progression of friendship and its dramatic and political purpose in Athol Fugards The Island The Island is a story portraying the mental journey of two inmates of the notorious Robben Island jail in South Africa. Robben Island is a island off the coast of south Africa, were there is a jail. During the time of the apartheid, when this play was set, it housed the so-called political prisoners of the time including, the most famous of all of them, Nelson Mandela who was imprisoned for over 30 years. The two inmates have been imprisoned for burning their passbooks in protest to the regime forced upon them. These passbooks were little books that essentially said where they could go and what they could do. In this essay I aim to analyse the friendship, and how it progresses, between the two inmates John and Winston and also how Fugard uses this relationship for dramatic and political purposes. In this play we are presented with two people, Winston and John, who are sharing the same hardships and suffering equally under them. From this alone it is safe to assume that they would not last long under these conditions unless they were both supportive to each other. In the opening scene John and Winston are working away, each is digging a hole in the sand and placing what has been dug out into a wheelbarrow, when the wheelbarrow is full they wheel it over to the hole that the other is digging and tip the sand in. By doing this they are creating a self-perpetuating punishment in which the faster they work the more work the other will have to do. This is an important moment in the play as we see that Fugard has, through Hodoshe, carefully constructed this punishment so as to instil John and Winston with the idea that the other is to blame for the punishment. When the two return they talk about the experience, and they are aware of Hodoshes plan against them to try and break their solidarity. John- I laughed at first then I hated you Winston- Thats what he wanted. John- It was going to last forever, man! Because of you. And for you because of me This incident introduces some dramatic tension by showing that the two central characters are in fact as human as you or me and that their conflicts even though are in some way trivial contain an essence of true human nature. Under the circumstances Fugard shows us that John and Winston, even though they are friends, would feel the same as we would in their situation, resentful of the other for inflicting this damage upon them, while aware that it wasnt their actual fault. After the exchange mentioned above they emphasis the fact that they hated each other, repeating it and stressing the word, John the places a hand on Winstons shoulder and affirms their brotherhood as if by saying that they did hate each other but that is over now. The tension is already obvious here, and it is this aspect of tension, the need to blame someone for their problems and the fact that they are in a cell together that gives this play a dramatic realism. So often we see the classic story of cells mates who fight the other inmates or the warders but never is the friendship tested in such a way as it is here. The story takes an interesting twist when we learn that the two have been planning a performance of Antigone for a concert in the prison. .u116b64a1673cbf86da5dbdf11b63f5a2 , .u116b64a1673cbf86da5dbdf11b63f5a2 .postImageUrl , .u116b64a1673cbf86da5dbdf11b63f5a2 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u116b64a1673cbf86da5dbdf11b63f5a2 , .u116b64a1673cbf86da5dbdf11b63f5a2:hover , .u116b64a1673cbf86da5dbdf11b63f5a2:visited , .u116b64a1673cbf86da5dbdf11b63f5a2:active { border:0!important; } .u116b64a1673cbf86da5dbdf11b63f5a2 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u116b64a1673cbf86da5dbdf11b63f5a2 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u116b64a1673cbf86da5dbdf11b63f5a2:active , .u116b64a1673cbf86da5dbdf11b63f5a2:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u116b64a1673cbf86da5dbdf11b63f5a2 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u116b64a1673cbf86da5dbdf11b63f5a2 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u116b64a1673cbf86da5dbdf11b63f5a2 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u116b64a1673cbf86da5dbdf11b63f5a2 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u116b64a1673cbf86da5dbdf11b63f5a2:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u116b64a1673cbf86da5dbdf11b63f5a2 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u116b64a1673cbf86da5dbdf11b63f5a2 .u116b64a1673cbf86da5dbdf11b63f5a2-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u116b64a1673cbf86da5dbdf11b63f5a2:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Dramatic Significance EssayWe witness more tension when it becomes apparent that Winston is not that interested in learning the plot. When asked whether Antigone pleads guilty or not, he answers not guilty. John then reprimands him, but Winston repeats that she is not guilty. Winston then explodes saying, To hell with the play! Antigone had every right to bury her brother. From this it is obvious that the theme and plot of Antigone have affected him greatly. Fugard uses the argument to show us that Winston is still passionate about the cause of his imprisonment; he was fighting against the state for a just cause. Antigone was imprisoned for the same reason; she went against the state and buried her brother to appease the Gods. This is the dignity that he regains at the end In a later scene Winston tries on the costume for Antigone. John then does a send-up of Winstons Antigone, which again leaves Winston enraged. John then shows him that everyone will know it is him under the costume. This helps but only for a short while. Winston remains angry and the verbal fight continues only to be interrupted by Hodoshes entrance. He summons John to come with him and leads him away. Winston meanwhile is still trying to get to grips with the costume and the fact that he will have to portray a woman, when John returns he says very kindly why he cant do the performance, and when John tries to interject with a completely different point Winston cuts him off by saying that he doesnt want to argue anymore and that theyve been in the cell to long together to quarrel anymore. He then notices Johns sombre mood and then John explains why. He is going to be released in three months time. At first Winston celebrates with John, as it is truly good fortune for him, then reality sets in. There is now an extremely dramatic change of mood, this is a bombshell for Winston as here was this person who he has spent every day and every night with and expected to spend the next few years with, and suddenly he is being taken away. Winston then turns sour towards John, playing with his mind by talking about the three months, counting them down day-by-day, building up the excitement. He then starts talking about when John will be released and what his friends and family will do for him. The thoughts of his ensuing freedom again become too much for him. This seems like an incredibly twisted and inhumane thing for Winston to do, especially when you take into account the fact that these are best friends. Fugard shows how fallible we are in that when we should be celebrating our friends triumph we sometimes cannot feel anything else but jealousy. When we read about Johns release we feel happy for him and naturally we feel sad for Winston, yet we do not feel the same resentment that Winston feels as Fugard is presenting us with a form of empathy that is too difficult to picture when we sit here in comfort reading this and imagining ourselves and one of our friends in the same situation. This situation holds the most tension and therefore dramatic realism in the play I feel, as it shows the depths that human nature can sink to. The play ends with the performance of Antigone, and also with Winstons realisation of the nobility of the cause he and John have fought for, they have laid down their lives in the pursuit of a greater future for all, a truly unselfish act. He tells John to forget him as he will do the same, it is this acceptance and inner-peace that is Winstons redeeming quality both for us the readers, and for John. .u81b21469b295ff3cc51c6d14607c8f52 , .u81b21469b295ff3cc51c6d14607c8f52 .postImageUrl , .u81b21469b295ff3cc51c6d14607c8f52 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u81b21469b295ff3cc51c6d14607c8f52 , .u81b21469b295ff3cc51c6d14607c8f52:hover , .u81b21469b295ff3cc51c6d14607c8f52:visited , .u81b21469b295ff3cc51c6d14607c8f52:active { border:0!important; } .u81b21469b295ff3cc51c6d14607c8f52 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u81b21469b295ff3cc51c6d14607c8f52 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u81b21469b295ff3cc51c6d14607c8f52:active , .u81b21469b295ff3cc51c6d14607c8f52:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u81b21469b295ff3cc51c6d14607c8f52 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u81b21469b295ff3cc51c6d14607c8f52 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u81b21469b295ff3cc51c6d14607c8f52 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u81b21469b295ff3cc51c6d14607c8f52 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u81b21469b295ff3cc51c6d14607c8f52:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u81b21469b295ff3cc51c6d14607c8f52 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u81b21469b295ff3cc51c6d14607c8f52 .u81b21469b295ff3cc51c6d14607c8f52-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u81b21469b295ff3cc51c6d14607c8f52:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Othello William Shakespeare Tragedy EssayFugard portrays that human nature has good qualities and that friendship is so strong a bond that these qualities can be preserved and are always present. At the end of their performance they mime being chained together and jog off the stage, friendship intact once again. This performance has, for Winston, put his dignity and nobility back in place instead of the jealousy and resentment he showed before. The parallels between the political and personal situation here are great, as we see how the struggle of friendship in intense situation emulates political struggles. Both John and Winston are imprisoned for the cause and they regret it at times yet they persevere and do not give up, earlier they talk about another inmate called, Old Harry, who has lost all hope and sense of who he is. Old Harry became a simple drone, doing the tasks set by the prison warders with such perfection as they were the only things that meant anything to him.

Meritocratic Explanations Of Advancement -Myassignmenthelp.Com

Question: Discuss About The Meritocratic Explanations Of Academic Advancement? Answer: Introduction A multinational corporation/company is an enterprise that operates in many countries but is managed from one point, home country. A company that gets more than a quarter of its revenue from operations outside the home country is classified under MNC. Coca-Cola, BMW, and Total are among the most common MNCs globally. Through investing in other countries, MNCs have led to the growth of the host countrys economy, the flow of capital, development of infrastructure, the introduction of new technologies and creation of employment opportunities. On the other hand, MNCs have been blamed for; influencing the policies of host countries, providing poor working conditions, providing limited access to training, giving low pay and encouraging gender-based discrimination. Recently, there have been complaints concerning discrimination against women in MNCs. Therefore, this report shows how KPMG, a company that operates in more than one continent, instigates gender-based inequalities. This will entai l focusing on the economic theory of labor market discrimination, gender inequality issues faced by KPMG and impact on women. The conclusion shall summarize the report and call for action by organizations operating across borders. Economic Theory of labor market discrimination The theory of labor market discrimination investigates why particular groups in the labor market are disadvantaged. Certain characteristics such as race, gender, age or religion count a lot in labor market. For example, why do women and minority ethnic groups have poor wages and low opportunities? This theory states that discrimination is consumption good of the firms management and that firms that discriminate are those willing to pay more than the prevailing market wage (Baron, 2013, p. 24). They are also willing to pay less than the market-available talent level. This implies that firms that practice discrimination make less than those that do not condone it. Wage difference occurs because of two reasons. People from the disadvantaged group are given less for doing a particular job and all of them are crowded in a particular job resulting in low pay. Secondly, the level of unemployment is higher for particular groups compared to others. KPMG and gender discrimination in India A report by the Gender Diversity Benchmark in 2011 showed that Indian MNCs have fewest women staff. They looked at 21 leading multination companies and discovered that the country was last among 6 Asian countries analyzed. Also, the study discovered that not only did India have the lowest number of women staff, but also lost most women employees as they went along. The participation of women in the workforce in India is currently at 24.43%. This is very low compared to other countries such as China (49.79%) and Malaysia (47.35%) (Adityanath, 2015, p. 2). Although MNCs are considered to have flexible working hours and inclusive policies, judging by statistics, the number of women staff is very low. This begs the question: why are women few in MNCs? Inequality between men and women starts at education; when both of them are seeking equal opportunities in education. This is instigated by the peoples culture which seems to view men as superior to women. In India, women outperform in care-taking qualities while men impress in taking-charge qualities (Nielsen, 2016, p. 2044). This mentality is encouraged in educational institutions thus making women shy away from jobs which require them to take charge. Another reason for low participation of women in the workforce in India is because women looking for more balanced lives lack interest in entering the workforce in MNCs (Kini, 2012, p. 900). Most of them choose a happily married life and let their husbands work. Surveys show that only 4 out of 10 CEOs in India view women advancement as instrumental in their organizations (Wittels Heisler, 2011, p. 2). This could be because, today, most international firms in India still practice institutional sexism which holds that men are abler tha n women. Gender-discrimination in India can also be analyzed from the wage perspective. There are wage differences in male and female jobs. Men in India earn 25% more than women. This gap increased from 24.1%, in 2015, to 27.2%, in 2016 (Allen, 2012, p. 10). This proves that gender is still a strong parameter in determining salaries in India. Pay gaps in MNCs stem from choices an individual has to make in relation to education, occupation, profession, sector, working hours and size of the company. For example, a woman in India would choose to work part-time so as to fulfill her obligations as a wife back at home. The disparity in working hours translate into pay, Meaning, a man who does the same job but working for more hours will be paid more (Geva, 2011, p. 560). However, this is just one scenario of a pay gap. There are also situations where women and men may be having the same responsibilities, same working hours, same education level but different pay. Similarly, a report by National Commission for Women showed that there was a rise in sexual harassment at workplace in India. For example, in 2013, there were 249 complaints of sexual harassment at work (Eagleman, 2015, p. 234). The number of complaints doubled in 2014. All these happen despite the clear guidelines provided by the Sexual Harassment of Women at Workplace Act that seeks to protect women against sexual harassment at their workplace. The literature on gender discrimination in India is a representation of what women working in MNCs go through. This could be the reason behind India having the fewest women in the workforce. MNCs may attract them by convincing them that they have flexible working hours and offer the best chance in advancing their careers (Greenwood, 2013, p. 355). But they choose to stay at home because of sexual harassment, low pay, and mistreatment at work. Aditi Bojkar was a Chartered accountant working with KPMG in India. Allegedly, she faced sexual harassment in 2006. Sadly, the firm declined to create an internal committee, as provided in the Vishakha guidelines, to look further into the charges (Wittels Heisler, 2011, p. 2). Frustrated by how the company was handling this issue, she resigned. However, the company refused to accept her resignation, instead, they terminated her services. This slowed down her career growth. The company set up a committee to investigate the matter only after when the media caught wind of the issue and started doing some inquiry. The victim failed to show up before the committee claiming that the whole process was not valid since there was no employer-employee relationship.Because the issue continued to catch the attention of many people and countries, the accused, a senior partner at the firm, resigned. Despite being asked to comment on this, the firm refused to issue any statement regarding the conne ction between his resignation and the sexual harassment claims. KPMG and gender discrimination in the U.S. Most MNCs are based in the U.S. However, this does not imply that the country does not host foreign companies. For example, the number of subsidiaries of Japanese companies operating in the U.S. is on the rise (Andelic, 2011). Often, this increase is analyzed from their impact on the economy and their influence on women staff is underrated. Compared to other countries, U.S. is doing well in ensuring equality, between men and women at workplace, is achieved. For instance, equality in pay has improved drastically since 1997 when women earned 38% less compared to men (Houchins, 2015). Also, the participation of women in the workforce has increased to 60% (Green, 2011, p. 9). Although statistics from the U.S concerning the participation of women in the labor force is encouraging, there are still cases where women are discriminated or sexually abused. For example, women are still relegated office support and administrative positions like clerk typists, administrative assistants, and secretaries. Employers who practice discrimination at workplace justify their actions by stating that women lack skills to perform non-traditional and higher-paid positions. In the case where women are promoted to managerial and supervisory posts, they are prevented from attaining higher-level roles through every means, including intimidation. Also, most women in MNCs in the U.S are given work responsibilities stereotyped as female roles. Most women who fall in this category are paid less than the males in those job categories. Employers justify the reason for the pay gap by stating that women are the weaker sex unable to perform well in a business or corporate work environment (Andelic, 2011, p. 95). Moreover, they claim that men have family responsibilities hence they need to earn more than women to take care of their families. Clearly, gender discrimination at the workplace in MNCs is purely and simply based on gender and the general perception of the society that women are not as able as men. Meaning, even if the firm was in its home country, women will still be paid less than their male colleagues and have higher risks of being sexually harassed at the workplace. Donna Kassman, a former female senior manager filed a 350 million dollar class action discrimination lawsuit against KPMG in the U.S.,District Court for the Southern District of New York, 2011. She resigned from the company, after seventeen years, because of gender discrimination (Wittels Heisler, 2011, p. 3). She claimed that the company engages in systematic discrimination against its female managers,-senior managers and managing directors. The plaintiff said that the lawsuit was directed towards ending systematic gender discrimination at the company; discriminatory pay, promotion practices and policies, and failure to investigate and resolve discrimination and harassment complaints. In her statement, Kassman claimed that KMPG refused to promote her. Her supervisor repeatedly gave her false hopes that she was next in line to be promoted between 2008 and 2009 (Wittels Heisler, 2011, p. 3). It is also during the same period that two of her male colleagues complained that she was unapproachable. These claims drastically derailed her career advancement. She was advised to meet with a specialist to advise her on how she could work on her issues and the two male colleagues who forwarded complaints against Kassman were promoted (Wittels Heisler, 2011, p. 3). Kassman also recalled when her base salary was cut down by $20,000 when she was on maternity leave. The company gave no reasons for slashing her salary. When she enquired further, her supervisor told her that she did not need that amount because she had a nice engagement ring. This shows how KPMG tolerates and perpetuates gender discrimination. In October.2010, Kassman resigned because she could no longer tolerate the discrimination and harassment anymore (Wittels Heisler, 2011, p. 3). Plus, it was so clear that KPMG had no intentions of addressing the situation. In October 2015, 9,000 more women joined the class lawsuit against KPMG law firm, Sanford Heisler, on behalf of Donna Kassman. Her complaints were amended in 2012 to accommodate the additional plaintiffs. 900 of these women have signed to be part f the suit by the end of 2014.Those that had not made this request had until 31st January 2015, to do so. In their response, KPMG stated that they did not intend to comment on the ongoing litigation. However, they said that they have reviewed all complaints brought forward against them and found them unsupported by facts. Additionally, the company insisted that, in line with their vision and mission statements, they are committed to the advancement of women and addressing the challenges women go through in their workplaces. One explanation for gender discrimination by MNCs is traditional notions that men are more capable than women hence they work more resulting to them being paid more. In the case of Donna Kassman, former senior manager at KPMG, U.S firm, she realized that she was being paid less than her male colleagues. Her salary was cut down without explanation or provocation while she was on a maternity leave. When she enquired from her supervisor, he told her she did not need that much money judging from her engagement ring. Meaning women are paid less and the society does not expect them to complain since they have men to take care of them (Hyde, 2014, p. 375). Her not being consulted about a salary cut shows how much MNCs does not value womens opinions, even on issues that concern them directly and could affect their lifestyle. The theory of labor market discrimination states that wage difference occurs where a particularly disadvantaged group may be crowded in one job. However, the findings of this study point to a different direction regarding wage difference; women are paid less because they are women, not because they are many in the same job (Willstrop, 2015, p. 3) .For example, KPMG has very few women in leadership positions, yet they pay them less compared to their male counterparts. Also, the findings of this study show that MNCs are more concerned about their image to the external publics than internal publics. For example, in Bojkars case, the company was silent on addressing her sexual harassment complaints. In fact, no inquiry committee was set up to look into the matter. However, when the media started covering the story, KPMG set up an inquiry committee. Clearly, they did not want to look bad to the external publics who love and support companies that respect and protect their employees regardless of race, gender and class. Impact of Gender Inequalities practiced by MNCs According to statistics, 68% of women believe that discrimination at work, based on gender, still exists (Tienari, 2014, p. 435). Despite the protections put forward by the government such as the Equal Pay Act of 1963 in the U.S., gender discrimination still exists, probably more rampant than it did 10 years ago (Madhani, 2014, p. 36). In this section, we shall discuss what has been written on the effects of gender discrimination by MNCs. Gender discrimination leads to lost productivity. Those who have been discriminated lose the morale and energy to carry out their responsibilities (Naude, 2013, p. 20). Among things that could lead to the individual losing morale are; pranks offensive jokes about the persons gender or implying that the persons performance is sub-par because of her gender. Similarly, discrimination based on gender can make supervisors deny passing a person over for promotion by virtue of that person being female (Elo, 2015, p. 26). Admittedly, this happens to both genders; however, women experience it more often than their male colleagues. This is because of preconceived perceptions on their roles and responsibilities in the society. For example, most supervisors recommend men working in industries for promotion. The woman who has been discriminated may feel some form of strong resentment towards the culprit or the company. Thus, she may resort to wanting to destroy those who mistreated her (Andelic, 2011, p. 97). This manifests itself in form of violent behavior towards other, destruction of property or spreading malicious lies about the company that could end up destroying the companys image to a point of no-return. The law prohibits any form of gender discrimination at the workplace. This also applies to MNCs in host countries. They have to respect and protect their women staff (Randall Leavy, 2014, p. 35). Respect and protection mean equal pay, fair treatment, and no harassment. Unfortunately, most MNCs discriminate women based on gender (Rumens, 2016, p. 117). Some victims are lucky to receive compensation after filing complaints, but they constitute a very small percentage. Many culprits walk away free and their careers continue to flourish while their victims wallow in sadness and depression. Conclusion The purpose of this report was to provide the role of Multinational Companies (MNCs) in creating gender-based inequalities like wage gap, discrimination and workplace sexual abuse. Gender inequalities are among organizational issues in a global context. KPMG Company is a multinational organization with branches in India and U.S. It was used as a case study in this report and it helped in concluding that MNCs create and encourage gender-based discrimination by not taking action when their female employees complain of discrimination or sexual harassment. Although the constitution has pledged to protect and empower women, the latter continues to live in bondage in her own country because the society is not willing to change its position on her place in this world. Therefore, this report recommends that companies operating the global business context should develop and implement gender equality policies to protect staff from discrimination. References List Adityanath, Y., 2015. Most Indian Companies and MNCs not Compliant with the Sexual Harassment Act. [Online] Available at: https://www.dnaindia.com [Accessed 21 March 2017]. Allen, R. C., 2012. Technology and the great divergence : Global economic development since 1820. Journal of Economic History, pp. 1-16. Andelic, G., 2011. The impact of Globalization on the Insurance and Reinsurance Market of Eastern Europe. South East European Journal of Economics and Business, pp. 95-112. Baron, J. N., 2013. Empathy wages?: Gratitude and gift exchange in employment relationships. Journal metrics, pp. 24-30. Eagleman, A., 2015. Constructing gender differences: Newspaper portrayals of male and female gymnasts at the 2012 Olympic Games. Sport in Society, pp. 234-247. Elo, M., 2015. 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